Loose-leaf binder.



No. 819,461. PAIENTED MAY 1, .1906.

J SCHADE, R LOOSE LEAF BINDER. APPLIGATIDN FILED JAN-17, 1906.

" Tlii n m w m tlNiTE s ans No. 819/l61.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented ma 1, 1906.

Application filed January 17, 1906. Serial E0. Z-illBZ.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN Sermon, J13, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Loose-Leaf Binders, of which the following is a specification. v

This invention relates to im rovements in temporary binders, commo y knownv as. loose-leaf binders.

The object of'my invention is to provide a binder of this kind which is simple inconstruction, strong and durable, com osed of few parts, is cheap, effective, and re 'able in.

'use and can be easily manipulated for the purpose of opening and closing it. I

In the accompanying drawings, in which like letters of reierence indicate like parts in all the figures, Fi ure 1 is a plan view of part of my improved oose binder closed. Fig. 2 is a similar view open. Fig.3 is,a transverse sectional view on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view open.

My improved device consists ordinarily of two covers united by a back and a holding device which is secured to the inner surface of the back, uniting the covers. Likewise this holding device may be secured in a filingbox or may be used without any backing or cover, ii so desired.

The holding device is constructed with base-plate A, made of s rin sheet metal for example, spring-stee 'ch is s'ubstan-' tially U shaped in cross-section, but fiattened, more or less, along the base and has its two side edges turned inward and downward to form tubular sockets B, In saidsockets wires 0 are. placed lengthwise, so that the can turn axially in the sockets. Near eac end the .wire is bent toward the central 1011-, gitudinal plane of the base-plate in U-shaped manner to form anarm D, which arms are of such length that the said arms of the two opposite wires 0 are in contact along the central longitudinal plane of the 'base-plate.' One arm is 'ooved, as at a, and the other provided wit -"a"knitaedgecr similar edge 6', which fits into'the groove a, so that the arms will at all times remain engaged. At the outer ends of the "ii-shaped arms D the wire is bent upward, so as to form-hooks, each being one-halfof aseparable eye-E, the-free end of one hookbeing notched, as at e and the end of the oppositehook of the eye being I sides. of the p n heveled, as atf,, so as 'to fit therein. The tubular sockets'B, formed by the inwardly? turned e1 gas of the base-plate, are provid ed with notches F where the bends of the wires for forming the arms '1) begin and are provided with no'tches G-ior receiving the lower parts or the se arable eyes, and between said notches Transverse pieces of sheet metal J are laced over the meetingends of the arms and their free ends are held in the sockets H, so as to coverand hold the meeting arm ends and prevent them from jumping out of engagement.

When the spring-eyes are separated, the

meeting arm ends are forced upward and in the manner of a toggle-lever thus force from each other the sides of the base-plate, and the spring tension of the base-plate serves o keep the spring-eyes in the open position.

the reason that when said arms are forced upward they are forced slightly beyond the straight line between their centers, and thus cannot snap back into the original osition. When the spring-eyes are closed, t e baseplate contracts, and the spring tension of the ase-plate holds the arms D in their closed position below the horizontal line, and they cannot be opened accidentally, as the springpressure (if the base-plate prevents this. The spring-eyes can only be opened orsclosed by forcibl overcoming the tension of the spring base-p ate.

I have shown only two spring-eyes in one base-section; but it is evident that a number of such springegres may be provided on a single base-plate o eater length.

Having descri ed my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is;

. 1. In a temporary or loose-leaf hinder, the

combination with a base late made of spring sheet metal, of separab e eyes mounted pivotally d rectly on the edges of said baseplate andhaving bent wire arms, the arms of me the two opposite separableeyes being engaged toiorm toggle-levers .between the ase plate, substantially as set forth. a

2 The combinatioii with a springfbaseplate having its outer-edges turned inward and downward to form sockets of wires mounted to turn axially in isaidisockets, I

which wires are. revided with inwardly-projecting arms an with-curved hooks at thereto I and. G the socket H remains.

substantially-as set forth.

ends of said wires, 'the arms of the two 0 p0 site .wires being-in contact, substantial y as set forth.

3. The combination with a spring .base- :plate having its outer edges turned inward and downward .to [form t'ubula'r sockets, wires mounted :to turn insaid sockets, which wires are provided withinwardly extendingarms, the armsof twooppositewires being in contact, hooks formed on-the outer ends of the wires, notches being formed in the tubular sockets for the lowerends-of the hooks,

4. .The combination with a spring base plate having its outer-edges turned, inward p and downward to form longitudinal sockets,

I wires mounted to turn axially in said sockets,- which wires are bent inward to form arms, the arms of the two opposite wires bein contact and one arm recessed and the in other provided with a corresponding projec- 'tion and hooks formed on the outer ends of said wu'es, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination with a spring-metal base-platehaving its outer ed. es turned inward and downward to form tn .ular sockets, wires mounted to turn axially in said sockets, which wires are proviled wlth inwardly-ex tending arms, the arms of .two opposite wires being in contact and the 'outer ends of said:

wires being bent to form hooks, and trans- 'verse sheet-metal lates placed over the engaging arms and wardly and downwardly bent ei 'es of the base-plate, substantially as set fort eld in place by the in- In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of 

